翻译：巴克公司主页上的刀具护理指南

小林

感觉像介绍磨刀石的那。

lyf007

不错,还是有一定的收获

zzq615

出处：http://www.buckknives.com/index.cfm?event=about.feature，翻译人：我。

KNIFE FEATURES
刀具的特征

BLADE FEATURES
刀刃的特征
Serrated vs. Non-serrated Blades
锯齿刃vs非锯齿刃（平刃）
Serrated
锯齿刃
Serrations create a semi-saw on the sharp side of the blade. Ideal for a more aggressive cutting action like cutting wet line, cable or cord. Very popular depending on the use of the knife. The serrations also retain their ability to cut longer than a standard edge.
锯齿刃在刀片的刃边上创造了一个类似锯子的刃形。适用于更剧烈的切割任务，如切割水管、电缆和绳索。根据刀子的不同用途，这种刃形相当普遍。此外，相对于标准刀刃来说，锯齿刃能把它们的切割能力保持得更久。
Non-serrated
非锯齿刃（平刃）
The number one choice for a clean, precision cut. These blades also have a greater initial sharpness.
对于干净利落的、精确的切割来说，非锯齿刃（平刃）是首选。此外，这样的刀刃通常有更高的初始锋利度。
Partially serrated
部分齿刃（半齿）
A partially serrated blade offers both aggressive cutting action and precision.
部分齿刃（半齿）能同时满足剧烈切割和精确切割的需要。
Gutting/Skinning Hook
去内脏或剥皮钩
For great performance when field dressing game, a gut or skinning hook is an ideal tool. We’ve paid careful attention to the angles on the sharpened edge, shape and size of the entry opening and location of the hook on the blade, making a Buck gut hook the best.
为了在荒野美食游戏中有出色表现，去内脏或剥皮钩是一件理想的工具。我们已经特别注意了刃刃的角度、形状、以及刀刃上钩子开口的尺寸和位置，使得巴克的去内脏钩成为最好的工具。


BLADE SHAPES
刀刃的形状（刃形）
There are many options out there. You'll find some of the most common blade configurations explained here.
这里可以有很多选择。你将发现我们介绍的都是一些最常见的刀刃外形。
Clip
回形刀刃
The clip refers to the length and angle of the concave curve on the non-cutting portion of the point of the blade. A regular ‘clip’ has a short, pronounced curve. A “California clip” has a longer, gentler curve. The “Turkish clip” has a very elongated curve.
While the point of the blade is effective for detail work, it’s not as strong as the thicker part of the blade.
回形刀刃在刀尖的非切割部分采用的是凹曲线的长度和角度。规则的回形刀刃具有一条短而显著的曲线。“加利福利亚回形刀刃”具有一条长而温和的曲线。“土耳其回形刀刃”具有一条拉得很长的曲线。虽然回形刀刃的刀尖对细活很有效，但它不像刀刃的较厚部分那么结实。
Modified Clip
修正的回形刀刃
A very popular design with high-tech, one-hand opener knives. Shapes vary.
是单手开启的高技术折刀经常采用的设计。具体形状呈现多样化。
Drop-Point
水滴型刀刃
This blade has a gentle, sloping convex curve to the point versus the concave curve of the clip blade. Being thicker, this blade point is stronger for heavier tasks. It stands up to abuse well, but isn’t as effective for easy penetration.
相对于回形刀刃的凹曲线而言，这种刀刃具有一条延伸到刀尖的、温和的凸斜率曲线。由于比较厚，这种刀刃的刀尖更强壮，适合较重型的任务。它更能经得起粗暴的使用，但在做轻松穿刺的时候比较没有效率。
Additional Blade Shapes
其它的刀刃形状
Sheepsfoot
羊蹄刀刃
This blade gets its name from the shape of the point, which resembles sheep’s hoof. The distinctive, flat, straight-line cutting edge and rounded point gives a clean cut, especially on a flat surface.
这种刀刃由刀尖的形状得名，它的刀尖看起来像羊的蹄子。这种与众不同的、平坦的、直线切割刃边和圆形的刀尖能提供干净利落的切割效果，尤其是在平坦的表面上。
Spey
阉割刀刃（去势刀刃）
Just like it sounds, this blade was originally developed to spey farm animals. The somewhat blunt point avoids poking through a surface and the overall blade configuration is well suited for skinning sweeping knife strokes.
就像听上去一样，这种刀刃最初是为了阉割家畜发展起来的。稍钝的刀尖可以避免刺穿表面，整个刀刃的外形非常适合剥皮和清理工作。
Pen or Spear
笔形或枪形（矛形）刀刃
Spear points are more popular in Europe, while in America the clip blade is the preferred option. This is an example of a smaller version of the larger “spear point” blade. Typically, you’ll find a “pen” blade on pocket knives. It’s a handy, all purpose blade originally developed to trim quill pens.
枪形（矛形）刀刃在欧洲更加流行，而在美国回形刀刃更受偏爱。笔形刀刃是大型矛尖刀刃的缩小版本的一个例子。通常，你会发现笔形刀刃出现在口袋刀上。这是种便利的、用途广泛的刀刃，最初是为了修整羽毛笔发展起来的。
Coping
尖角刀刃
A narrow blade with a sharp, angular point, almost like a miniature sheepsfoot blade. The coping blade is designed to be used for cutting in tight spots or curved patterns, much as you would with a coping saw, only without the teeth.
是一种狭窄的刀刃，有锋利的、带角的刀尖，和缩小的羊蹄刀尖差不多。弧形刀刃是被设计用来在紧要关头切割或雕刻图案的。很像你用的尖角锯，只是没有锯齿而已。
Tanto
T头刀刃
The “tanto” comes from a traditional Japanese design dating back to feudal Japan. The angled grind from the edge to the tip is much heavier and stronger than other blade styles. It is used for piercing hard/tough materials as well as prying or scraping.
T头刀刃来自于日本的传统设计，其历史可以追溯到封建时代的日本。从刃边到刀尖的几何过渡比其它类型的刀刃都更厚重和强壮。它适用于穿刺坚硬材料，也适用于投掷或刮削。

TYPES OF BLADE STEELS
刃材的种类
No matter how good the blade steel, there are always trade-offs. Corrosion-resistance vs. edge-retention. Edge-retention vs. sharpening ability.
Take S30V Steel. It provides the very best in edge retention and tensile strength, but is more difficult to re-sharpen and needs proper care. 17-7PH Steel resists extreme corrosion like salt water, but can’t match the edge retention of harder steels.
无论刃材多好，你都不得不在各种性能之间寻求平衡。抗腐蚀性vs刀锋保持性。刀锋保持性vs易打磨性。以S30V为例，它有非常好的刀锋保持性和抗张强度（抗张强度就是韧性，译者注），但它更难打磨而且需要精心护理。17-7PH能抵抗极端的腐蚀，如盐水，但它的刀锋保持性无法和其他更硬的钢相比。
S30V
This is the absolute best blade steel available and its made in America. S30V contains carbon as well as high amounts of chromium, molybdenum and vanadium. Double-tempered – it can be hardened to a Rockwell hardness of RC 59.5-61.
S30V绝对是可获得的最佳刃材，它是在美国制造的。S30V含有碳元素，此外还有很高含量的铬、钼和钒。在平衡上述两方面性能的基础上，它可以达到59.5到61的洛氏硬度。
BG-42 Steel
An extremely high-performance, bearing grade, martensitic stainless steel with significantly more carbon and molybdenum plus vanadium for improved edge retention and strength – it can be hardened to Rockwell hardness of Rc 61-62.
BG-42是一种极其高性能的、轴承等级的马氏体不锈钢。它具有更高含量的碳、钼和钒，这提高了刀锋的保持性和强度——它可以达到61到62的洛氏硬度。
ATS-34 Steel
A very high carbon, chromium martensitic stainless steel, with additional amounts of carbon and molybdenum that add significant edge-holding properties and corrosion resistance. This steel can be hardened to Rockwell hardness of Rc 60-61.
ATS-34是一种含碳量极高的铬不锈钢，它更高的含碳量和含钼量极大提高了刀锋的保持性和耐腐蚀性。这种钢材可以达到60到61的洛氏硬度。
420HC Steel
This is Buck’s standard blade material because it combines the excellent wear resistance of high carbon alloys with the corrosion resistance of chromium stainless steels. Add our exclusive heat-treat process for superior corrosion resistance and you have excellent tensile strength, hardness and wear resistance. 420HC Steel is a High Carbon (HC) version of standard 420 martensitic stainless steels – they can be can be hardened to a Rockwell hardness of Rc 58.
420HC是巴克公司采用的标准刃材，因为它兼有高碳钢出色的耐磨性和铬不锈钢的抗腐蚀性。我们独一无二的热处理工艺让它具有了更出色的抗腐蚀性、韧性、硬度和耐磨性。420HC是标准420马氏体不锈钢的高碳版本（HC就是high carbon——高碳的意思，译者注），它可以达到58的洛氏硬度。
17-7PH Steel
This steel is excellent for water sports applications. It has high saltwater corrosion resistance and better edge retention than austenitic stainless steel. 17-7PH is defined as a chromium-nickel-aluminum precipitation hardening stainless steel, a process that develops hardness at relatively low temperatures, allowing hardening with very little distortion. It can be hardened to a Rockwell hardness of Rc 54-56.
17-7PH非常适用于水上或水下的运动项目。它有很高的抗盐水腐蚀性和比奥氏体不锈钢更好的刀锋保持性。17-7PH被定义为经过铬、镍、铝沉淀硬化后的不锈钢，其加工工艺能在相对较低的温度下提高硬度，这是通过对其形状影响很小的淬水过程实现的。它能达到54到56的洛氏硬度。

[ 本帖最后由 zzq615 于 2008-4-8 23:02 编辑 ]

zzq615

HANDLE MATERIALS
柄材
At Buck, we believe there’s a perfect handle for every knife. Our job is to bring them together in the highest performing, best looking combination.
在巴克，我们相信对于每一把刀，都有一个最适合它的刀柄。我们的工作是把刀和刀柄结合起来，以实现高性能和优美的外观。
Wood
木材
We use beautifully grained natural woods and laminated dyed birch wood for more traditional knives (such as the 110 Folding Hunter). We also use distinctive woods like Cocobola for its rich coloring, and Obechee with its unusually dark grained look. These woods are treated with an environmentally sound resin to protect their natural beauty.
我们采用美观的漆成木纹的天然实木和经过层压的染色白桦木作为那些更传统的刀具的刀柄，如巴克110折叠猎人。我们同样也采用某些有特色的木材，如椰子树（由于它丰富的色彩）和Obechee（由于它的深色木纹外表）。为保持它们天然的美丽，这些木材都经过了环保树脂的处理。
Horn/Antler
牛角或鹿角
authentic horn and antler add a distinctive, natural look to any handle. They can be inlayed or hand-carved. Buck's black buffalo horn for example has been carved to replicate the natural grooves of Impala horn.
货真价实的牛角或鹿角给刀柄赋予了与众不同的自然外观。它们能被镶嵌或手工雕刻。以巴克的黑色美洲水牛角为例，它经过了人工雕刻，能复现黑斑羚角的天然纹理。
Phenolic
酚醛塑料
Practically indestructible, this hard, ebony-colored compound is nearly impervious to heat, cold and shock. This type of handle is ideal for a fixed blade knife because it can withstand vigorous use.
这种黑色的坚硬化合物几乎不可能被毁坏，酷热、寒冷和冲击都无法使它受损。这种刀柄对直柄刀来说很理想，因为它能经得住强力的使用。
Plastics
塑料
Buck uses various engineering-quality thermoplastics, including a molded plastic with a hard, textured surface and a rubber-like plastic with a textured finish. On some models, we use a two-shot molding method, combining a hard, glass-reinforced thermoplastic base with soft Dynaflex® to create a two-tone, sure-grip comfortable handle.
巴克采用了各种工程质量的热塑性塑料，包括有着坚硬、粗糙表面的模铸塑料和类似于橡胶的有斑纹塑料。在一些刀型上，我们采用了二次成型方法，把一种坚硬的玻璃强化热塑性塑料和柔软的Dynaflex®（某种合成橡胶材质，中文名不详，译者著）结合起来，创造出了一种双层的可紧握的舒适刀柄。
Aluminum
铝
High-tech aircraft-grade aluminum 6061 T-6, machined from solid sheet stock creates a lightweight, durable handle. The aluminum can be anodized in a solid color or with patterns and pictures. You can even have original artwork anodized on the handle, thanks to our unique process.
由坚硬的铝板材加工而成的高技术航空铝6061 T-6创造了一种轻质、耐久的刀柄。铝可以通过阳极电镀形成单一颜色或图案彩绘。由于我们独特的加工工艺，你甚至可以拥有通过阳极电镀在刀柄上形成的独创性艺术图案。
Kraton®
克拉通
Ideal for fish fillet knives, Kraton is a slightly pliant plastic, fully resilient when dry and tacky when wet. So you can count on a sure grip and maximum comfort.
对加工鱼类的刀来说非常理想。克拉通是一种略微柔软的塑料，在干燥环境下富有弹性，而在潮湿环境下则有点粘手。所以你可以用它实现牢固的握持和最大限度的舒适感。
G10
This virtually indestructible laminate is a perfect fit for our super tough Buck Striker tactical knives. G10 is resistant to heat, cold, chemicals, impact and abuse.
G10这种事实上无法被损坏的压制材料能够很完美的匹配我们的超强buck-strider战术刀具。G10能抵抗酷热、寒冷、化学物质、冲击和极恶劣条件下的使用。
Titanium
钛
An amazingly strong but surprisingly lightweight material; as close to corrosion free as you can get.
一种具有令人惊喜的强度但重量又轻得让人吃惊的材料，在你的使用中几乎不会受到任何腐蚀。

TYPES OF KNIVES
各种类型的刀
Fixed-Blade Knives
直刀
There are no surprises with a fixed-blade. Simply put, a fixed-blade is a solid piece of steel, anchored to the handle without any folding mechanisms. It’s durable and holds up well against the elements. So it’s ideal for tough jobs like field dressing and camping chores. This is a knife you can trust.
A fixed-blade is one piece of steel running the length of the knife. When it reaches the handle the metal will taper into a “rat-tail” that is surrounded by the handle or continue as a tang that is covered on either side by handle "slabs."
关于直刀，没什么可以让你吃惊的。简单地说，一把直刀就是一块实心的钢铁，它与刀柄之间的固定没有通过任何折叠机构。它是耐久的，而且在各种情况下都能有稳定表现。所以它对干重活来说相当理想，比如荒野美食和宿营时的杂活。这是一种你可以信赖的刀。
一把直刀从头到尾都是一块钢铁。在刀柄部分，金属刀身可能以一种“鼠尾”的形式插入刀柄并被刀柄包围，或者它也可能以龙骨的方式延伸并被两块刀柄厚贴片所覆盖。
Folding Knives
折刀
Folding knives may not be the most durable of knives, but they’re a fine bet for safety and convenience because the knife folds into the handle. There are several configurations to choose from. Locking folders for example, have the durability of a fixed blade but let you close the blade into the handle.
折刀或许不是最耐久的刀具，但它们对于追求安全和舒适来说是一种很好的选择，因为刀片被收进了刀柄里。有多种构造可以供你选择。以带锁定的折刀为例，它有直刀的耐久力，但又能让你把刀片收进刀柄里。
Pocket Knife
口袋刀
There’s nothing like a good old-fashioned pocket knife. Not all models lock open, but that’s not critical considering how practical and versatile pocket knives are.
一把好的老式口袋刀是无可比拟的。并非所有口袋刀款式都有锁定快开，但考虑到口袋刀的实用和万能，这一点也并不重要。
Lockback Knives
背锁刀
A “lockback” works like a fixed-blade with the added benefit of folding into the handle for safety and convenience. The lockback gets its name from the rocking lock plate visible on the back of the handle. Opening the blade causes the rocker to lock against the blade, locking it open. To release the “lock,” simply push down on the rocker at the back of the handle. Closing usually requires two hands, though there are one-hand openers, which are ideal for activities like climbing where only one hand is free.
背锁刀能像直刀一样工作，而且还有能把刀片收进刀柄里来追求安全性和舒适性的好处。背锁的名字源于在刀柄的背部可以看见的锁片。打开刀片将会使锁片把刀片锁定在打开状态。要解锁只要简单地按下刀柄背部的锁片即可。关闭背锁刀通常需要两只手，尽管有些背锁刀只要一只手就能打开，这些背锁刀对登山之类只有一只手能解放出来的活动尤为理想。
Liner Locker – One-Hander
线锁刀——单手开启
A “Liner Lock” is a folding “lockback” knife you can open and close with one hand. A thumb-hole or thumb-stud opens the blade. It locks open using a tensioned metal liner inside the handle. To release the blade, place your thumb on the front part of the liner and push to the left.
线锁刀是一种可以单手开合的锁定折刀。刀片可以通过一个拇指孔或拇指柱打开。它通过刀柄里一个有张力的金属衬垫锁定打开的刀片。要收回你的刀片，把你的拇指放在锁片的前端向左按就行了。
Frame Lock – One-Hander
一体框架锁刀——单手开启
A “Frame Lock” is a one-hand opening knife. Only the lock is a tensioned part of the handle frame with an open channel. When the blade opens, the frame lock moved into the handle opening, locking against the blade. To release, push the liner to the left.
一体框架锁刀是可以单手打开的刀具。只不过锁定装置是刀柄上一个有张力的打开部分。当刀片打开的时候，框架锁移动到刀柄内部，锁定了打开的刀片。要解锁，把锁片向左推就行了。
The Buck Assisted Opening Knife
巴克助开刀
This is the ultimate in one-hand openers. A ‘liner lock’ locks the blade open. To open, release the safety, then push the blade release ridge. After the blade starts opening, the assisted opening mechanism (ASAP)* completes the blade opening, which releases the liner to lock the blade open. To close, push left on the front of the liner lock releasing the lock. Close the blade and engage the safety on top of the handle.
这是单手开刀的终极解决方案。线锁锁住了打开的刀片。为了打开你的刀，先释放保险装置，然后推动刀背上的释放开关。在刀片开始打开以后，助开机构（ASAP）会完成刀片的开启，它同时也会释放线锁来锁住打开的刀片。为了关闭你的刀，把线锁的前端向左推以完成解锁。然后关闭刀片并合上刀柄上的保险装置。
Buck's ASAP Technology™
巴克的“尽快”技术
Offers a higher level of safety than automatic knives (switchblade type). Our two-stage action of releasing the safety, then opening the blade is far safer. Automatic knives on the other hand, typically use gravity alone or a button/lever in the handle to release the spring mechanism opening the blade from a fully closed position.
Due to the complex and changing nature of knife laws, it is your responsibility as a knife user to investigate whether the purchase, possession and use of Assisted Opening Knife complies with federal, state and local knife laws.
提供了比弹簧类自动刀更高的安全等级。我们这种先解开保险装置、再打开刀片的两阶段方案要安全得多。另一方面，自动刀通常会单独依靠重力或者借助刀柄上的按钮或杆来使弹簧回位，并从完全关闭的状态下释放刀片。由于与刀具管制相关的法律复杂而且经常变化，作为刀具使用者，你有责任去调查购买、拥有和使用助开刀是否符合联邦、州和地方的法规。

zzq615

其中大多是废话，不过对于巴克公司使用的标准钢材——420HC的介绍还是有点新意。难怪巴克公司的420HC能够达到58的硬度，原来它是420的高碳版本，HC=High Carbon（高碳）。也就是说420HC是一种高碳钢而不是普通的不锈钢。普通的不锈钢是不太可能处理到那么高的硬度还能保持良好的韧性的。当然巴克公司的独特热处理可能也起了一些作用。

[ 本帖最后由 zzq615 于 2008-4-8 22:53 编辑 ]

wanfeisina

详细

harries

原帖由 lk99 于 2008-4-8 16:47 发表
看来砂轮机对刀还是有危害的，一般不要用

砂轮机的危害主要是在大漠的过程中产生的热量会导致退火，不知道说的对不对？

zzq615

原帖由 日立 于 2008-4-8 17:45 发表
一把锋利的刀比一把钝刀更安全！这是什么意思？

呵呵，我也不知道，不过fallkniven公司的主页上也有这句话。

zwb100

实在不行可以做个低速大扭距的砂带机.

30kms

原帖由 zwb100 于 2008-4-9 00:03 发表
实在不行可以做个低速大扭距的砂带机.

弄个手摇的不就齐活了。

herry

楼主辛苦了，看了还是有点帮助的

liebealt

刀削磨石？

新刀

不用砂轮机磨  难道巴克出厂的每把刀都是人工用油石磨出来的  有点矛盾

zzq615

原帖由 新刀 于 2008-4-10 23:54 发表
不用砂轮机磨  难道巴克出厂的每把刀都是人工用油石磨出来的  有点矛盾

他们应该是砂轮打磨以后再做热处理的，你如果自己用砂轮打磨，就等于让他们的热处理白做了，甚至更糟，回火效应会让钢质变脆

liushupu

很好的三篇翻译文章，合并加精鼓励。多谢楼主的劳动。

barefoot

一把锋利的刀比一把钝刀更安全！这是什么意思？

我的理解是：锋利的刀随心所欲、易于掌控，而且你自己知道它的锋利，你会警惕它！而一把钝刀...你不警惕它，让它干的事干不了，当你不得不加大力度时，失控了....再钝的刀也能割开皮肉！

daomi

专业的很

Darrenwoo

非常好！谢谢！

goblinhx

锋利刀的掌控性比钝刀要好 比较不容易伤到自己

zeng13755155776

顶一个！LZ的英文真的很棒！