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英文部分:
Your survival kit
A basic survival kit is an essential item to take with you on any outdoor expedition. It should be compact enough to carry on your person at all times, and its contents should address the key principles of survival: protection, location, water, and food.
Example of a survival kit
Choose a tin with a waterproof seal and locking clasps. While you can buy ready-made kits, you should always adapt the contents, both to your needs and to the environment you’ll be in. Ideally, items in the survival kit should be high-quality and multi-purpose--- for example, the tin itself could be used as a cup, a small cooking pot, or even a signal mirror. Your kit should contain the following:
Layer 1
Blister medical pads and bandages:
Useful for minor cuts and blisters. Include a range of bandages (both waterproof and fabric) in a selection of sizes. Waterproof bandages can also be used to mend holes in tents and tarpaulins.
Layer 2
Antiseptic wipes: for treating wounds and cleaning bites. Can also be ignited by a spark and used to get a fire going.
Layer 3
Water purification tablets: choose from tablets or iodine (but don’t use iodine if you’re allergic to it, or to shellfish). Water will need to be filtered before being purified.
Layer 4
Petroleum jelly: apply to chapped lips, rashes, and sores. Can also be smeared onto tampons to make them burn longer. Store in a small, resealable plastic bag.
Layer 5
Water proof notepaper: for drawing maps or leaving messages
Photograph of loved ones: a psychological incentive in a survival scenario.
Credit card: an effective means of extracting insect stings.
Money: wrapped in cellophane.
Layer 6
Survival saw, or pocket chainsaw: can be wrapped around the inside of the tin or cut in half, if space is limited.
Single-edged razor: mutil-purpose-from skinning an animal to cutting cord. Store in its packaging.
Needle and cotton: use strong,waxed cotton, pre-threaded through the needle.
Layer 7
Flashlights: two small Photon(LED) lights-one white and one red-taped in “off” position.
Mini multi-tool: see panel, opposite.
Chainsaw handles: use with pocket chinasaw
High-viz card, signal mirror: location aids.
Compass: an emergency back-up.
Flint, fire steel, tampons: for strating fires
Snare wire: for animal traps and lashing.
Layer 8
Waterproof matches and tinder balls:
For starting fires. Store the matches in a small, resealable plastic bag.
Pencil: sharpened at both ends.
Potassium permanganate: dissolve in water to sterilize water at low concentration, and to clean wounds at a high concentration. Can also be used with sugar to make fire. Store in a waterproof container.
Layer 9
Non-lubricated condoms: can be used to carry water, or as a waterproof cover for smaller items, such as your mobile phone.
Mini fishing kit: if you are near water, fish can be easier to catch, prepare, and cook than mammals. Fishing line can be also used for other survival tasks. Should contain a selection of hooks, flies, swivels, and split-shot.
Tin lid sealed with tape
Sailmaker’s needles: multi-purpose—can be used as an arrow point, or for mending tents and tarpaulins. Wide eyes are best.
Safety pins: for securing clothing, or mending your sleeping bag or tent.
Mini glow sticks (cyalumes) useful for emergency lighting, and as a location aid.
Single-edged razor: multi-purpose. Store in its packaging.
Additional useful items to include
While your survival tin’s size may be restrictive, you can always improve your kit with items that can fit on your belt, or in a belt pouch, known as a “belt order.” This will form part of your first-line equipment.
Space blanket or aluminum foil:
Can be used as a signaling device; for shelter; to carry, store, and heat water; or to cook in. Many are dual-sided;or one silver, the other green for camouflage, or orange to stand out.
Plastic bags: you can never have too many. Numerous uses—from a water carrier to a transpiration bag.
Medicines(such as painkillers and antibiotics) should not replace your main fist-aid kit, but ensures you have some basics if you’re separated from your gear.
Small candle: once lit, this will provide a reliable flames that you can build your fire around.
Nylon stockings: can be used for warmth, or as an improvised water filter, mosquito net, or fishing net.
Small AM/FM radio: battery or solar-powered.
Surgical tubing: enables you to reach water in otherwise inaccessible rock crevices.
Fire tin or matchless fire set:
Self-contained methods of starting a fire, when no natural fuel is available. |
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